SS-31

SS-31 is a small peptide that selectively targets the inner mitochondrial membrane, binding to cardiolipin to stabilize mitochondrial structure and function. This enhances ATP production and reduces oxidative stress, directly addressing the age-related decline in mitochondrial health, a core driver of aging. Its potential lies in restoring cellular energy and function in tissues with high energy demands, like the heart, brain, and muscles.

Verdict

A promising but high-risk experimental peptide for mitochondrial restoration.

Protocol

• Daily subcutaneous injections of 4-10 mg are explored in research contexts.

Flags

• Not approved for human use by the FDA; sourced as a 'research chemical'.
• Long-term safety profile for healthspan purposes is unknown.
• Requires subcutaneous injection, which carries risks of infection and improper administration.
• Purity and dosage accuracy from unregulated suppliers can be highly variable.