Meta Information
ID:magnesium
Name:
Schema Version:AIM-2.0
Interactions
Target id:
/condition/renal-impairment
Target name:
Renal Impairment (Kidney Disease)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Individuals with impaired kidney function cannot effectively clear magnesium from the body, leading to a high risk of toxic accumulation (hypermagnesemia).
Actionable advice:
Avoid magnesium supplements unless specifically prescribed and monitored by a physician.
Target id:
/class/chelating-antibiotics
Target name:
Chelating Antibiotics (Tetracyclines, Quinolones)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
6
Description:
Magnesium binds to these antibiotics in the gut, forming a non-absorbable complex, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of the antibiotic.
Actionable advice:
Take magnesium at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after these antibiotics.
Target id:
/intervention/bisphosphonates
Target name:
Bisphosphonates
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
Magnesium can bind to bisphosphonates in the gastrointestinal tract, significantly reducing their absorption and effectiveness for bone health.
Actionable advice:
Separate magnesium and bisphosphonate doses by at least 2 hours.
Target id:
/condition/myasthenia-gravis
Target name:
Myasthenia Gravis
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Magnesium can inhibit neuromuscular transmission, which may worsen muscle weakness in individuals with myasthenia gravis.
Actionable advice:
Consult a neurologist before taking any magnesium supplements.
Target id:
/condition/heart-block
Target name:
Heart Block
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
High levels of magnesium can slow electrical conduction in the heart, potentially exacerbating pre-existing heart block.
Actionable advice:
Avoid magnesium supplementation if you have a heart block, unless directed by a cardiologist.
Target id:
/intervention/levothyroxine_systemic_disease
Target name:
Levothyroxine
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
4
Hours after target:
4
Description:
Magnesium can reduce the absorption of levothyroxine from the gut, potentially leading to inadequate thyroid hormone levels.
Actionable advice:
Separate magnesium and levothyroxine doses by at least 4 hours.
Target id:
/class/calcium-supplements
Target name:
Calcium Supplements
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
High doses of calcium and magnesium compete for the same absorption pathways in the gut, which can reduce the absorption of both minerals.
Actionable advice:
Separate high-dose calcium and magnesium supplements by at least 2 hours.
Target id:
/class/proton-pump-inhibitors
Target name:
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Long-term use of PPIs can impair the active transport of magnesium in the intestines, leading to low magnesium levels (hypomagnesemia).
Actionable advice:
If on long-term PPI therapy, regularly monitor magnesium levels.
Target id:
/class/loop-diuretics
Target name:
Loop Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Loop diuretics increase the amount of magnesium lost through urine, which can lead to magnesium deficiency over time.
Actionable advice:
If taking loop diuretics, monitor magnesium levels and consider supplementation as advised by a doctor.
Target id:
/class/potassium-sparing-diuretics
Target name:
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
These diuretics reduce the excretion of magnesium by the kidneys, increasing the risk of dangerously high magnesium levels (hypermagnesemia) when taking supplements.
Actionable advice:
Avoid high-dose magnesium supplements and consult a doctor before use.
Target id:
/intervention/vitamin_d3_systemic_healthspan
Target name:
Vitamin D
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Adequate vitamin D levels are necessary for the efficient absorption of magnesium from the intestines and for its function within the body.
Actionable advice:
Ensure sufficient vitamin D status for optimal magnesium utilization.
Target id:
/circadian/sleep
Target name:
Going to Sleep
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
1
Hours after target:
null
Description:
Magnesium can promote relaxation and may improve sleep quality by regulating neurotransmitters and activating the parasympathetic nervous system.
Actionable advice:
Take magnesium 30-60 minutes before bedtime to support sleep.
Target id:
/dietary/meal
Target name:
Any Caloric Meal
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Taking magnesium with food can improve gastrointestinal tolerance and reduce the risk of diarrhea, a common side effect of some forms.
Actionable advice:
Take magnesium with a meal to minimize stomach upset.
Target id:
/intervention/zinc
Target name:
Zinc Supplements (High Dose)
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
Very high doses of zinc (over 50 mg elemental) can interfere with magnesium absorption due to competition for transport pathways.
Actionable advice:
Separate high-dose zinc supplements from magnesium by at least 2 hours.
Target id:
/class/iron-supplements
Target name:
Iron Supplements
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
High doses of supplemental iron and magnesium can compete for intestinal absorption, potentially reducing the uptake of both.
Actionable advice:
Separate iron and magnesium supplements by at least 2 hours, especially if treating a deficiency.
Target id:
/dietary/phytate-rich-foods
Target name:
Phytate-Rich Foods (Grains, Legumes, Nuts)
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
1
Hours after target:
1
Description:
Phytic acid, found in plant-based foods like whole grains and legumes, can bind to magnesium in the gut and inhibit its absorption.
Actionable advice:
For maximum absorption, take magnesium supplements at least 1 hour away from very high-phytate meals.
Target id:
/class/viscous-fibers
Target name:
High-Fiber Foods or Supplements
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
Extremely high intake of dietary fiber can bind to minerals like magnesium, slightly reducing their absorption from the gut.
Actionable advice:
Separate magnesium supplements from high-dose fiber supplements by at least 2 hours.
Target id:
/class/calcium-rich-foods
Target name:
Calcium-Rich Foods (e.g., Dairy)
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
Consuming very large amounts of calcium from food at the same time as a magnesium supplement can lead to competition for absorption.
Actionable advice:
Avoid taking magnesium supplements with a very large, dairy-heavy meal.
Target id:
/intervention/vitamin-b6
Target name:
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Vitamin B6 is thought to enhance the transport of magnesium into cells, potentially improving its effectiveness.
Actionable advice:
Consider taking magnesium and vitamin B6 together.
Target id:
/class/calcium-channel-blockers
Target name:
Calcium Channel Blockers
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Magnesium can relax blood vessels, and when taken with calcium channel blockers, there is a theoretical additive effect that could lead to low blood pressure.
Actionable advice:
Monitor blood pressure, especially when starting or increasing magnesium doses.
Target id:
/biomarker/rbc-magnesium
Target name:
RBC Magnesium Blood Test
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
assay_interference
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
12
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Taking a magnesium supplement shortly before a blood draw can cause a temporary spike that may not reflect long-term intracellular status.
Actionable advice:
Avoid taking your magnesium supplement on the morning of a blood test for the most accurate reading.