Meta Information
ID:magnesium-malate
Name:
Schema Version:AIM-2.0
Interactions
Target id:
/condition/renal-impairment
Target name:
Renal Impairment (Kidney Disease)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Impaired kidney function prevents the effective excretion of excess magnesium, leading to a high risk of accumulation and toxic levels (hypermagnesemia), which can cause serious cardiac and neurological complications.
Actionable advice:
Avoid magnesium supplements unless specifically prescribed and monitored by a physician if you have kidney disease.
Target id:
/class/chelating-antibiotics
Target name:
Chelating Antibiotics (Tetracyclines, Quinolones)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
6
Description:
Magnesium ions bind to tetracycline and fluoroquinolone antibiotics in the gastrointestinal tract, forming insoluble complexes that prevent their absorption and severely reduce their effectiveness.
Actionable advice:
Take magnesium at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after these antibiotics.
Target id:
/intervention/bisphosphonates
Target name:
Bisphosphonates
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
Magnesium can bind to bisphosphonate drugs (e.g., alendronate) in the gut, significantly reducing their absorption and effectiveness in treating bone density loss.
Actionable advice:
Separate magnesium doses from bisphosphonates by at least 2 hours.
Target id:
/condition/myasthenia-gravis
Target name:
Myasthenia Gravis
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Magnesium can inhibit the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, which can worsen muscle weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis.
Actionable advice:
Avoid magnesium supplementation if you have myasthenia gravis, except under strict medical supervision.
Target id:
/intervention/levothyroxine_systemic_disease
Target name:
Levothyroxine
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
4
Hours after target:
4
Description:
Magnesium can form insoluble complexes with levothyroxine in the gut, impairing its absorption and potentially leading to reduced therapeutic effect.
Actionable advice:
Separate magnesium and levothyroxine doses by at least 4 hours.
Target id:
/intervention/calcium-citrate
Target name:
High-Dose Calcium Supplements
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
High doses of calcium and magnesium compete for the same absorption pathways in the intestine, which can reduce the absorption of both minerals if taken together.
Actionable advice:
Separate high-dose calcium and magnesium supplements by at least 2 hours.
Target id:
/intervention/vitamin_d3_systemic_healthspan
Target name:
Vitamin D
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Magnesium is an essential cofactor for the metabolism and activation of Vitamin D, and Vitamin D in turn can enhance the intestinal absorption of magnesium.
Actionable advice:
Ensure adequate intake of both Vitamin D and magnesium for optimal status of both nutrients.
Target id:
/class/proton-pump-inhibitors
Target name:
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Long-term use of PPIs can significantly reduce the absorption of dietary and supplemental magnesium, increasing the risk of deficiency; supplementation helps counteract this effect.
Actionable advice:
If using PPIs for an extended period, monitor magnesium levels and consider supplementation.
Target id:
/class/diuretics
Target name:
Loop and Thiazide Diuretics
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Loop and thiazide diuretics increase the urinary excretion of magnesium, which can lead to depletion over time; supplementation helps counteract this common side effect.
Actionable advice:
If taking these diuretics long-term, consider regular magnesium supplementation and monitor levels.
Target id:
/class/gabapentinoids
Target name:
Gabapentin
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
Magnesium can decrease the absorption of gabapentin from the gut, potentially reducing its effectiveness for nerve pain or seizures.
Actionable advice:
Take magnesium supplements at least 2 hours apart from gabapentin doses.
Target id:
/condition/heart-block
Target name:
Heart Block
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Magnesium can slow atrioventricular (AV) conduction in the heart, which may exacerbate pre-existing heart block, particularly at high doses.
Actionable advice:
Consult a cardiologist before taking magnesium supplements if you have a history of heart block.
Target id:
/dietary/meal
Target name:
Any Caloric Meal
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Taking magnesium with food can buffer its potential laxative effect and improve gastrointestinal tolerance, which is a common issue with magnesium supplements.
Actionable advice:
Take magnesium malate with a meal to minimize potential stomach upset or diarrhea.
Target id:
/circadian/wake
Target name:
Morning / Daytime
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
null
Hours after target:
4
Description:
The malate (malic acid) component is involved in the Krebs cycle for cellular energy (ATP) production, making this form of magnesium potentially more suitable for daytime use to support energy levels.
Actionable advice:
Take magnesium malate in the morning or early afternoon to align with its potential energizing effects.
Target id:
/circadian/sleep
Target name:
Bedtime / Sleep
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
4
Hours after target:
null
Description:
Due to malate's role in cellular energy production, some individuals may find this form of magnesium slightly stimulating and less optimal for promoting sleep compared to forms like magnesium glycinate.
Actionable advice:
Avoid taking magnesium malate within 4 hours of bedtime if you are sensitive or using magnesium for sleep.
Target id:
/class/antihypertensives
Target name:
Antihypertensive Medications
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Magnesium can cause vasodilation and has a mild blood pressure-lowering effect, which can be additive with antihypertensive medications, potentially increasing the risk of hypotension.
Actionable advice:
Monitor blood pressure when starting magnesium supplementation if you are on blood pressure medication.
Target id:
/intervention/zinc
Target name:
High-Dose Zinc Supplements
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
Very high doses of zinc can interfere with magnesium absorption and balance; this is less of a concern at typical supplemental doses but spacing is still prudent for optimal absorption.
Actionable advice:
For optimal absorption, separate high-dose zinc and magnesium supplements by at least 2 hours.
Target id:
/intervention/iron-bisglycinate
Target name:
Iron Supplements
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
Magnesium can modestly decrease the absorption of non-heme iron supplements when taken at the same time by competing for absorption pathways.
Actionable advice:
To maximize iron absorption, take iron supplements at least 2 hours apart from magnesium.
Target id:
/class/potassium-sparing-diuretics
Target name:
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Description:
Potassium-sparing diuretics can also reduce the amount of magnesium excreted by the kidneys, creating a small risk of elevated magnesium levels (hypermagnesemia) when combined with high-dose supplements.
Actionable advice:
Use caution and monitor magnesium levels if combining high doses with these medications, especially with kidney issues.
Target id:
/dietary/phytate-rich-foods
Target name:
Phytate-Rich Foods (Grains, Legumes, Nuts)
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Phytic acid, present in plant seeds, grains, and legumes, can bind to magnesium in the gut and form insoluble complexes, slightly reducing its bioavailability.
Actionable advice:
Avoid taking magnesium supplements with exceptionally high-phytate meals if absorption is a primary concern.