Meta Information
ID:apigenin
Name:
Schema Version:AIM-2.0
Interactions
Target id:
/circadian/sleep
Target name:
Going to Sleep
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
1
Hours after target:
null
Description:
Apigenin has sedative properties that promote relaxation and sleep onset by binding to GABA-A receptors in the brain, similar to benzodiazepines.
Actionable advice:
Take apigenin approximately 30-60 minutes before your intended bedtime to support sleep.
Target id:
/class/benzodiazepines
Target name:
Benzodiazepines
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Apigenin binds to central benzodiazepine receptors, which can significantly enhance the sedative and CNS depressant effects of benzodiazepine medications.
Actionable advice:
Avoid concurrent use or consult a doctor, as the combination may cause excessive drowsiness and impairment.
Target id:
/class/cns-depressants
Target name:
CNS Depressants (Alcohol, Sedating Herbs)
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Combining apigenin with other central nervous system depressants like alcohol, sedating antihistamines, or herbs like valerian root can lead to additive sedative effects and excessive drowsiness.
Actionable advice:
Avoid combining with alcohol or other sedating substances, especially when driving or operating machinery.
Target id:
/class/cyp3a4-substrates
Target name:
CYP3A4 Substrates
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Apigenin can inhibit the CYP3A4 metabolic enzyme, which may increase the concentration and risk of side effects from numerous drugs metabolized by this pathway.
Actionable advice:
Consult with a pharmacist or doctor if you take any medications to check for potential CYP3A4 interactions.
Target id:
/class/cyp2c9-substrates
Target name:
Drugs Metabolized by CYP2C9
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Apigenin inhibits the CYP2C9 enzyme, potentially increasing levels of drugs like warfarin, some NSAIDs, and certain antidiabetics, raising the risk of toxicity or bleeding.
Actionable advice:
Use with caution and consult a healthcare provider if taking medications metabolized by CYP2C9, especially warfarin.
Target id:
/class/ugt1a1-substrates
Target name:
Drugs Metabolized by UGT1A1
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Apigenin is a potent inhibitor of the UGT1A1 enzyme, which can significantly increase the levels and toxicity of drugs metabolized by this pathway, such as certain cancer drugs (e.g., irinotecan) and statins.
Actionable advice:
Consult a pharmacist or doctor before use if taking any medications, as this is a significant and less commonly known interaction.
Target id:
/class/anticoagulants-antiplatelets
Target name:
Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Apigenin may possess mild antiplatelet properties, which could have an additive effect with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs, theoretically increasing the risk of bruising or bleeding.
Actionable advice:
Use with caution and consult your doctor before combining with any blood-thinning medications.
Target id:
/procedure/surgery
Target name:
Scheduled Surgery
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
336
Hours after target:
null
Description:
Due to its potential antiplatelet effects and interactions with drug-metabolizing enzymes, apigenin may increase bleeding risk or alter anesthesia metabolism.
Actionable advice:
Discontinue apigenin at least 2 weeks before any scheduled surgery and inform your surgeon.
Target id:
/condition/pregnancy
Target name:
Pregnancy
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
The safety of apigenin during pregnancy has not been established, and its potential hormonal and drug-interaction effects warrant complete avoidance.
Actionable advice:
Do not use apigenin if you are pregnant.
Target id:
/condition/lactation
Target name:
Breastfeeding (Lactation)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
It is unknown if apigenin passes into breast milk or what its effects on a nursing infant might be; therefore, it should be avoided.
Actionable advice:
Do not use apigenin while breastfeeding.
Target id:
/class/antihypertensives
Target name:
Antihypertensive Medications
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Apigenin may have a mild vasodilatory and blood pressure-lowering effect, which could be additive with antihypertensive medications, potentially causing dizziness or hypotension.
Actionable advice:
Monitor blood pressure if combining with blood pressure-lowering medications.
Target id:
/class/antidiabetic-medications
Target name:
Diabetes Medications
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Apigenin may modestly lower blood glucose levels, potentially enhancing the effects of antidiabetic drugs and increasing the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
Actionable advice:
Monitor blood sugar levels closely if you have diabetes and are taking this supplement.
Target id:
/class/estrogens
Target name:
Estrogen-based Therapies
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Apigenin may have weak estrogenic or anti-estrogenic effects and can inhibit aromatase, which could theoretically interfere with hormone replacement therapy or affect hormone-sensitive conditions.
Actionable advice:
Consult a healthcare provider before use if you are on hormone therapy or have a hormone-sensitive condition.
Target id:
/condition/thyroid-disorders
Target name:
Thyroid Disorders
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
In high doses, some flavonoids like apigenin may inhibit thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme essential for thyroid hormone production. This is a theoretical concern for those with hypothyroidism.
Actionable advice:
Use with caution and monitor thyroid function if you have a pre-existing thyroid condition.
Target id:
/intervention/iron-bisglycinate
Target name:
Iron Supplements
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
Apigenin, like other plant-based polyphenols, can bind to (chelate) non-heme iron in the gut, which may modestly reduce its absorption.
Actionable advice:
Separate apigenin from iron supplements by at least 2 hours.
Target id:
/dietary/high-fat-meal
Target name:
Fat-Containing Meal or Snack
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Apigenin is a lipophilic (fat-soluble) compound, and its bioavailability may be enhanced when consumed with a source of dietary fat.
Actionable advice:
Take apigenin with a meal or snack that contains some healthy fats for potentially better absorption.