Meta Information
ID:3-hydroxyanthranilic-acid
Name:
Schema Version:AIM-2.0
Interactions
Target id:
/condition/renal-impairment
Target name:
Renal Impairment
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Kidney impairment can lead to the accumulation of 3-HAA and its downstream metabolite, the neurotoxin quinolinic acid, to dangerous levels.
Actionable advice:
Avoid completely if you have any degree of kidney disease.
Target id:
/condition/pregnancy
Target name:
Pregnancy
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
The effects of supplemental 3-HAA on fetal development are unknown, and altering the kynurenine pathway, which is critical for neurodevelopment, poses a significant theoretical risk.
Actionable advice:
Avoid completely during pregnancy.
Target id:
/condition/lactation
Target name:
Breastfeeding (Lactation)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
It is unknown if 3-HAA or its metabolites pass into breast milk. Due to the potential for neurotoxic effects from downstream metabolites, it should be avoided.
Actionable advice:
Avoid completely while breastfeeding.
Target id:
/intervention/vitamin-b6
Target name:
Vitamin B6 (P-5-P)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Vitamin B6 is a critical cofactor for enzymes that balance the kynurenine pathway. Deficiency can unfavorably shunt metabolism towards the production of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid from 3-HAA's precursors.
Actionable advice:
Ensure adequate Vitamin B6 intake or co-supplementation to prevent metabolic imbalance.
Target id:
/intervention/iron-bisglycinate
Target name:
Iron
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
The enzyme that metabolizes 3-HAA (3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase) is iron-dependent. Iron deficiency can impair its clearance, leading to accumulation.
Actionable advice:
Ensure you have adequate iron status before and during use; do not take if iron deficient.
Target id:
/condition/chronic-systemic-inflammation
Target name:
Chronic Systemic Inflammation
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Inflammatory states strongly upregulate the kynurenine pathway. Adding supplemental 3-HAA could overload this pathway, potentially increasing the production of the neurotoxic metabolite quinolinic acid.
Actionable advice:
Avoid use during periods of high systemic inflammation (e.g., elevated hs-CRP).
Target id:
/class/chemotherapy-radiation
Target name:
Cytotoxic Cancer Therapies (Chemotherapy & Radiation)
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
As a potent antioxidant, 3-HAA may interfere with the efficacy of cancer treatments that rely on generating reactive oxygen species to destroy malignant cells.
Actionable advice:
Avoid completely during and around periods of chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Target id:
/intervention/levodopa
Target name:
Levodopa
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Metabolites of the kynurenine pathway, including 3-HAA, may compete with Levodopa for transport across the blood-brain barrier or exert effects on dopaminergic neurons, potentially altering medication efficacy.
Actionable advice:
Avoid use if taking Levodopa for conditions like Parkinson's disease.
Target id:
/intervention/nmn_systemic_healthspan
Target name:
NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide)
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
3-HAA is a precursor to NAD+ via the de novo synthesis pathway. Co-administration with NMN (from the salvage pathway) may provide a multi-pronged approach to boosting NAD+ levels.
Actionable advice:
Can be taken at the same time as NMN to potentially enhance NAD+ synthesis.
Target id:
/intervention/nr
Target name:
NR (Nicotinamide Riboside)
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
3-HAA is a precursor to NAD+ via the de novo synthesis pathway. Co-administration with NR (from the salvage pathway) may provide a multi-pronged approach to boosting NAD+ levels.
Actionable advice:
Can be taken at the same time as NR to potentially enhance NAD+ synthesis.
Target id:
/class/serotonergic-agents
Target name:
Serotonergic Medications (SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, Triptans)
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Supplementing a kynurenine pathway metabolite could theoretically alter the complex balance between the kynurenine and serotonin pathways in the brain, though direct clinical interactions are not established.
Actionable advice:
Use with caution and monitor for mood changes if taking serotonergic medications.
Target id:
/intervention/copper-supplement
Target name:
High-Dose Copper Supplements
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
In the presence of transition metals like copper, 3-HAA can act as a pro-oxidant, generating potentially harmful reactive oxygen species.
Actionable advice:
Avoid taking high-dose standalone copper supplements concurrently.
Target id:
/class/photosensitizing-agents
Target name:
Photosensitizing Medications or Substances
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
null
Description:
Other metabolites in the kynurenine pathway are known photosensitizers. While not strongly established for 3-HAA itself, there is a theoretical risk of increased sun sensitivity.
Actionable advice:
Use extra sun protection if taking alongside other photosensitizing agents.
Target id:
/dietary/meal
Target name:
Any Caloric Meal
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Taking 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid with food may help minimize potential gastrointestinal discomfort, although specific data on its absorption with meals is lacking.
Actionable advice:
Take with a meal to improve tolerance.
Target id:
/circadian/wake
Target name:
Waking Up
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
null
Hours after target:
1
Description:
The kynurenine pathway exhibits a diurnal rhythm, and its role in NAD+ synthesis may be most beneficial when aligned with the start of the active circadian phase.
Actionable advice:
Consider taking in the morning to align with natural metabolic rhythms.