Vitamin B12 is an essential water-soluble vitamin crucial for DNA synthesis, red blood cell formation, and maintaining proper neurological function. It acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in metabolism, and preventing its deficiency is fundamental for avoiding age-related neurological decline and anemia, thereby supporting a healthy lifespan.
Verdict
Essential for at-risk groups to prevent neurological decline and anemia.
HEALTHSPAN IMPACT
Moderate
RISK LEVEL
Low
EVIDENCE GRADE
A
MONTHLY COST
$2 - $15
Protocol
- For maintaining optimal levels in at-risk groups, daily oral doses of 250-1000 mcg are common.
- For correcting clinical deficiency, intramuscular injections of 1000 mcg are often prescribed by a physician.
Flags
- Certain medications (e.g., metformin, proton pump inhibitors) can impair B12 absorption.
- Vegans, vegetarians, and adults over 50 are at a higher risk for deficiency.
- High-dose folic acid can mask the hematological signs of B12 deficiency, potentially delaying diagnosis.