Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) are compounds that bind to estrogen receptors, acting as either estrogen agonists (activators) or antagonists (blockers) depending on the tissue type. This tissue-selective action allows them to provide estrogen-like benefits in some tissues (e.g., bone) while blocking estrogen's effects in others (e.g., breast), making them crucial for treating specific hormone-sensitive conditions.
Verdict
Essential for specific diseases; not a general healthspan or anti-aging intervention.
HEALTHSPAN IMPACT
Foundational
RISK LEVEL
High
EVIDENCE GRADE
A
MONTHLY COST
$10 - $150
Protocol
- Raloxifene is typically prescribed at 60 mg daily for osteoporosis prevention or treatment.
- Tamoxifen is often prescribed at 20 mg daily for breast cancer treatment or risk reduction.
Flags
- Increased risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, and stroke.
- Tamoxifen use is associated with an increased risk of uterine cancer.
- Common side effects include hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and leg cramps.
- Contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
- Requires careful medical supervision and regular monitoring for adverse effects.