Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) are a class of medications that block the action of angiotensin II, a potent chemical in the body that causes blood vessels to constrict. By preventing this constriction, ARBs allow blood vessels to relax and widen, which lowers blood pressure. This action reduces the workload on the heart and helps protect organs like the kidneys from damage caused by sustained high blood pressure.
Verdict
A foundational, evidence-backed treatment for hypertension and related cardiovascular/renal diseases.
HEALTHSPAN IMPACT
Foundational
RISK LEVEL
Moderate
EVIDENCE GRADE
A
MONTHLY COST
$10 - $50
Protocol
- Dosing is initiated at a low level and titrated upwards based on blood pressure response and patient tolerance.
- Typically taken once daily, with or without food, as prescribed by a physician.
Flags
- Contraindicated during pregnancy due to risk of fetal injury or death.
- May cause hyperkalemia (high potassium), especially with renal impairment or certain other drugs.
- Can cause dizziness or lightheadedness, particularly when starting therapy.
- Requires periodic monitoring of blood pressure, kidney function, and potassium levels.
- Rarely, can cause angioedema (rapid swelling of the skin and tissues).